National Human Rights Commission of India – NHRC

In the article, we will be discussing the National Human Rights Commission in India. One needs to understand all the details related to the Rashtriya Manav adhikar ayog, and it is essential to understand for exams like IAS and other competitive exams. Besides, in the below article, you will also find information like NHRC full form, chairman, and all the additional information. Therefore, read the entire article and know about the NHRC. Also, try to write down important points that will help you during the exam. Let’s begin.

Introduction

The National Human Rights Commission or Rashtriya Manav Adhikar Ayog is a statutory public body. It is responsible for the protection of the Human Rights Act, 1993. Further, it aims to protect and promote human rights. further, it is defined by the act as “Rights Relating To Life, liberty, equality, and dignity of the individual. NHRC was established in the year 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act.’ This act was further amended in 2006. Look at the bow table for more information.

Further, for more details on the same, you can go through the official website, it will give you all information. Read More.

Later, it is essential to understand some important points on the National Human Rights Commission that will help you in the UPSC. As it is one of the popular exams present in India, it is important for one to cover this topic.

Background – National Human Rights Commission

To begin with, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in Paris on tenth Dec 1948. Besides, it was a milestone in the history of human rights which was set for the first time. Further, in 1991, the Paris Principles were established by the National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs). Besides, in 1993 India enacted the Protection of Human Rights Act. Further 10 December is celebrated as Human Rights Day, which is the anniversary of the UDHR. Further, in 2018 Human Rights Day marked the 70th anniversary of the declaration.

What is National Human Rights Commission?

National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) was established in 1993. It is an independent body as per the provisions of the Protection of Human Rights Act of 1993, amended in 2006. Further, these are part of society, and NHRC watches these. Later, it was founded according to the Paris Principles, which were approved in October 1991 in Paris. To promote and secure human rights and endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly in December 1993. Besides, it acts as a watchdog of human rights in the country. Further, they are ensured by the Constitution of India, incorporated in the international covenants, and are compulsory by the courts of India as well. 

Structure

Further, it is a multi-member body led by an NHRC chairman and composed of four members. Then, a chairman is served as the Chief Justice of India or a Supreme Court judge. Besides, the President is in charge of appointing the chairman and members based on the recommendations of a six-member committee, which is composed of the Prime Minister as chairman, and the below members,

1. Speaker of the Lok Sabha,
2. Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha,
3. Opposition leaders in both Houses of Parliament,
4. Union Home Minister.

Besides, the chairperson and the other members of NHRC are appointed for the period of 5 years or till one reaches the age of 70 years. However, they can be removed if charges like roved misbehavior or incapacity are applied. Further, the Commission consists of five Specialized Divisions, i.e., Law Division, Investigation Division, Policy Research & Programmes Division, Training Division, and Administration Division. Later, the NHRC chairman and the members of the State Commission are specified by the Governor in consultation along with the Chief Minister, Home Minister.

Functions of National Human Rights Commission

Now we will look into the functions of the National Human Rights Commission/ Rashtriya Manav Adhikar Ayog. Below we have added the necessary points on the same. Further, the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) functions as stated in Section 12 of the Protection of Human Rights Act.

• In the first place, it is responsible for handling all of the authorities of civil court and  conducts judicial proceedings.
• It includes looking into the violation of rights or negligence in the prevention of such violation by a public servant. 
• Further, it review the provisions of the Constitution that aims to safeguard Human Rights. Besides, it can also suggests for the improvement.
• Later, it is responsible for to visit any institutes which are under state governments to know the living conditions of inmates. Further, it can take necessary actions or recommendations based on the observed conditions.
• Further, all researches on Human rights are also promoted by the NHRC. Besides, it has a power suggests both central and state governments to take the necessary steps necessary steps that can prevent violation of Human Rights in India. 
• It also spread human rights knowledge among different sections of the society and also promotes awareness of the rights through medis, seminars, and other ways.
• It is also responsible for the submission of the annual report to the President of India. Further, it also has a power to sugest the payment of compensation or damages.

Issues

Further, below, we have added some of the National Human Rights Commission issues.

• Arbitrary arrest and detention, Excessive powers, and Conflict induced internal displacement 
• Further issues realted to the Custodial torture, Child labour, Sexual violence and abuse.
• LGBTQ community rights and SC/ST, disabled people and other religious minority issues
• Lastly, Labour rights and right to work and Manual scavenging

Limitation

• In the first place, it can only give suggestions, but they cannot  enforce decisions.
• Further, violation of human rights that are made by the private parties are not considered under NHRC Jurisdiction.
• Later, it is not having any mechanism of investigation. In most of the cases it asks Central and State Governments to look into the cases of the violation of Human Rights.
• Besides, NHRC faces other problems like cases/complaints, insufficient funds, bureaucratic functioning style, etc.

Conclusion – National Human Rights Commission

In summary, in the article, we have added all information related to the National Human Rights Commission in India or Rashtriya Manav Adhikar Ayog. Further, we have also covered the functions, limitations, and structure of India’s National Human Rights Commission. This article is enough to know all the details for the exam. Talking about the IAS exam study materials is also one of the essential topics. If you are an IAS aspirant, you are already aware of the IAS exam syllabus. Besides, it is one of the toughest exams present in India because of the exam syllabus. Then, to clear the IAS exam, one must work hard and put in all special efforts.

Note – Click Here to know about all the study materials of the IAS exam; we have covered all the essential information of the same. Also, one can visit the official website to understand the exam-related information.

Further, talking about the IAS exam consists of three main stages. It has prelims, the main exam, and an interview round. So, one needs to clear all the stages of the exam. It is not like any other exam, and this exam requires a lot of hard work and effort. So, only with the right plan and direction can one clear the exam. Besides, click here to get the details of the IAS exam like syllabus, books, tips, and all the other exam details. It will help you with the IAS exam preparations.

FAQs

Below we have added a few FAQs on the topic.