In this article, we will be discussing the INDO PAK War 1971. Know all information related to the India Pakistan war 1971, war heroes, images, and other vital things. We have covered all information that will help you with IAS exam preparations. Know about the Pakistan surrender 1971. As a part of the study materials, it is vital for one to cover all critical concepts and know about them. It is one of the famous exams and one of India’s toughest exams. Therefore, one must work hard and put in all efforts. So, let’s begin and know more about the INDO PAK War 1971 and also get some war images.
Introduction
To begin with, the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 was a military confrontation between India and Pakistan. It happened during the Bangladesh Liberation War in East Pakistan from 3 Dec 1971 to the fall of Dhaka on 16 December 1971. So let us know all information related to the India-Pakistan war in 1971.
| Date | 3–16 December 1971 (13 days) |
|---|---|
| Location | Eastern Front : India–East Pakistan border Bay of Bengal and Pasha enclaves Western Front – India and Pakistan border Line of Control Zero Point Indian Ocean Arabian Sea |
| Result | Indian victory |
IAS Exam
Before getting into the main topic, let us look into the IAS exam details. There are many students and working professionals preparing for the IAS exam. Further, many leave their jobs to prepare for the exam. In the IAS exam, there are three stages: Prelims, the main exam, and the Interview round. Besides, one must clear all stages of the IAS exam to get selected for the exam. Later, one can go through the official website for the complete information on the UPSC exam. Click Here. Further, one needs to know all information before applying for the UPSC exam.
In the prelims, you will question objective type, and in the main exam, you will question descriptive type. One can go through the previous year’s papers to know about the paper pattern and the exam syllabus. We have also added all details related to the IAS exam that will help you. Further, below we have added 1971 war heroes and war images.
INDO PAK War 1971
The war started with Operation Chengiz Khan’s preemptive aerial strikes on 11 Indian air stations. This led to the commencement of hostilities with Pakistan and Indian entry into the war for independence in East Pakistan. Further, East Pakistan is on the side of Bengali nationalist forces, expanding the existing conflict with Indian and Pakistani forces engaging on eastern and western fronts.
After 13 days of war started, India was an upper hand. The Eastern Command of the Pakistan military signed the instrument of surrender on 16 Dec 1971 in Dhaka. Then, the formation of East Pakistan as the new nation of Bangladesh. Further, Approximately 93,000 Pakistani servicemen were taken prisoner by the Indian Army, including 79,676 to 81,000 in the Pakistan Armed Forces, including some Bengali soldiers who had remained loyal to Pakistan.
It is known that members of the Pakistani military and supporting pro-Pakistani Islamist militias killed between 300,000 and 3,000,000 civilians
Highlights
- In the first place, In the 1950s the centralised Pakistani state was run undemocratically by a military-bureaucratic oligarchy dominated by West Pakistan.
- East Pakistan’ Sheikh Mujibur Rahman’s Awami League had a clear overall majority.
- West Pakistan kicked in operation searchlight across the whole of East Pakistan on March 26, 1971.
- On December 16, 1971, Lt Gen Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi, the Chief Martial Law Administrator of East Pakistan and Commander of Pakistan Army forces located in East Pakistan signed the Instrument of Surrender.
Background of INDO PAK War 1971
In 1947, it was the time of Indian independence from Britain. Further, the country was also partitioned into India and Pakistan, the latter as a Muslim country. During that time, Pakistan was composed of two units, West Pakistan and East Pakistan. Further, the Muslim-dominated part of the erstwhile Bengal province. Additionally, Bengalis felt that the national government belittled their culture. Also, there were situations for the declaration of Bengali as an official language in Pakistan along with Urdu. Besides, Sheikh Mujibur Rehman, the premier Bengali nationalist leader, declared the six-point program for provincial autonomy for East Pakistan.
Further, in the 1970 elections in Pakistan, Mujibur’s party East Pakistani Awami League won a landslide victory.
On 26 Mar 1971, Major Ziaur Rahman, a veteran of the Pakistani army, declared the independence of Bangladesh.
Further, in the 1970 elections in Pakistan, Mujibur’s party East Pakistani Awami League won a landslide victory in the East Pakistan Assembly. On 26 Mar 1971, Major Ziaur Rahman, a veteran of the Pakistani army, declared the independence of Bangladesh.
Objectives
We will understand India’s official engagement with Pakistan from the below points.
- The Prime Minister Indira Gandhi ordered the Indian Army chief General Sam Manekshaw if he was ready to go to war with Pakistan by the end of April 1971.
- Further, according to the Manekshaw’s own personal account, he refused, citing the onset of monsoon season in East Pakistan.
- Later, he also offered his resignation that was denied by the Gandhi. Further, he guaranteed victory if he would allow for condition to prepare for the conflict on his terms, and set a date for it. Also Gandhi accepted his condition.
- By Nov 1971, an Indian-Pakistani war seemed inevitable. Further, The Soviet Union reportedly warned Pakistan against the war, which they termed as “suicidal course for Pakistan’s unity.
- On 23 Nov, President Yahya Khan declared a national state of emergency and told the country to prepare for war.
- Later, on evening g of 3 Dec, at about 17:40 the PAF launched surprise pre-emptive strikes on eleven airfields in north-western India.
- Further, these pre-emptive strikes, known as Operation Chengiz Khan, were inspired by the success of Israeli Operation Focus in the Arab–Israeli Six-Day War.
- Besides, the Prime Minister Gandhi held that the air strikes were a declaration of war against India and the Indian Air Force responded with initial air strikes the same night
Importance
Further, the East Pakistan uprising allowed India to break up Pakistan and eliminate the threat of a two-front war in any future confrontation. Then, the eastern front remained largely inactive in 1965. Later, The India-Pakistan war was preceded by signing the Indo-Soviet Treaty in August 1971, which boosted India diplomatically. The victory defined India’s much broader role in foreign politics. Also, many countries in the world, including the United States, realized that the balance of power had shifted to India in South Asia.
1971 War Heroes
Below we have added the name of the 1971 war heroes.
- Brig AS Bal, 17 Horse, Maha Vir Chakra
- Maj B S Mankotia, 9 Punjab, Maha Vir Chakra.
- Petty Officer Chiman Singh, Indian Navy. Maha Vir Chakra.
- Capt D S Ahlawat, 10 Dogra.
- Air Commodore Harcharan Singh Mangat, IAF.
- Maj Gen H S Kler, Signals.
- Lt Gen J S Gharaya, Bihar Regt.
- Brig Kuldeep Singh Chandpur, Punjab Regt.
Conclusion – INDO PAK War 1971
The article mainly discusses the 1971 INDO PAK war images, war heroes, and Pakistan surrender 1971. It is one of the important accept for the IAS exam. Therefore, we have covered all details that will help you with the IAS exam preparation in the article. Find all information related to the other UPSC exam study materials. Click Here. One needs to make a note of all points while reading the article. Also, visit the links that will help you get all details related to the IAS exam. Further, to clear the IAS exam, one must put in all efforts and hard work. With the right plan and direction, one can clear the IAS exam. We also believe reading the success stories of the officers will help you to study for the exam. We have also covered their success story in our other articles.
FAQs – INDO PAK War 1971
India
The separatist movement in East Pakistan was supported by India, which officially entered the war on December 3, 1971. Soon after, on December 16, the Pakistani army surrendered.
The Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Editor’s Note | INDO PAK War 1971
In summary, the above article gives all information related to the INDO PAK War 1971 images and all the other essential details. You will get all details that are important for the IAS exam and we always suggest you to keep a different note book. You can study the same for the exam. It is vital for one to go through the last year’s papers and give mock tests. Giving mock tests will help you to know your skills and how you can improve them. It is tough to know all points, so try to understand the main points. Further, solving question papers as possible will help you to gain knowledge and to increase self-confidence. We wish you good luck with the UPSC exams.
